Dube, John Langalibalele, 1871-1946 (Personal Name)

Marks, S. The ambiguities of dependence, c1985: CIP galley (John Langalibalele Dube, d. 1946)

Standard encyc. of S. Africa (Dube, John Langalibalele, 1871-1946)

Jeqe, the bodyservant of King Tshaka, 1951: t.p. (John L. Dube)

NLSA, Mar. 10, 2008 (hdg.: Dube, John L. (John Langalibalele), 1871-1946; usage: John L. Dube)

Dictionary of African Biography, accessed December 12 2014, via Oxford African American Studies Center database: (Dube, John Langalibalele; Christian clergyperson / lay leader, educator, print journalist, essayist, civil rights activist, newspaper editor / publisher; born 1871 in KwaZulu-Natal, Near Inanda, South Africa; studied at Amanzimtoti (Adams College), Oberlin College, Ohio (1887 to 1891); after 1900, was a leader of the Natal Native Congress [NNC]; was the inaugural president of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC) (1912-1917); became an adviser to the Zulu monarchy and the conservative Zulu cultural-nationalist organization Inkatha kaZulu; a brief flirtation with Pan-Africanism in the early 1920s gave way to focus on Zulu culture, seen in the books Isitha somuntu nguye uqobo Iwakhe (1922, The Black Man is His Own Worst Enemy), Insila ka Tshaka (1930, novel, translated as Jeqe, the body-servant of King Shaka), and Ushembe (1936, biography of the prophet Isaiah Shembe); the first African to receive an honorary doctorate by a South African university (1936); died 11 February 1946 in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)